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The table below is a general guideline. It is best to call Kold Ban International for proper sizing. Many variables should be considered when sizing the proper KAPower module for its intended application.
| KAPower Module |
KBI Part Number |
Approximate Engine Size In Liters |
| 35 kJ |
700001 |
Up to 7 Liters |
| 70 kJ |
700011 |
Up to 15 Liters |
| 120 kJ |
700012 |
Up to 19 Liters |
| Note: The part numbers listed are 12 Volt modules. Contact KBI for 24 Volt module part numbers. |
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KAPower modules are safe and contain no toxic substances such as lead, mercury, etc. KAPower's safety is ensured by the fact that no explosive or flammable materials are used in their design. Each cell within the module has a safety valve to release gas that may be generated if the operations instructions are not complied with. |
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KAPower is not designed for use in an application that requires a high reserve capacity. Unlike a battery, KAPower is an energy storage device that rapidly transforms energy into high power. Thus, KAPower is designed for applications such as engine starting or other high pulse power applications. |
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KAPower does not fail during overvoltage conditions. When the applied voltage exceeds the maximum specified value for an extended time, the capacitor cells start generating gas. The gas is released through a safety valve when a certain level of excessive pressure is reached inside the capacitor cell. Water being part of the electrolyte is consumed during gassing. Therefore, during extended gassing there may be a need to top-off the electrolyte or distilled water in the capacitor cells. Unlike batteries no flammable hydrogen gas is generated during any gassing. |
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KAPower does not need any special charging devices. KAPower can be charged in as little as 15 seconds using a 12 V battery, ac/dc converter, a standard battery charger, solar cells, or even the engines alternator. |
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Yes, KAPower can be connected in parallel with batteries and will not drain batteries like other ultracapacitors. However it is recommended to isolate the capacitor to be able to take advantage of all the advantages KAPower has to offer. |
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KAPower is not a battery; it is an electrochemical capacitor, supercapacitor, or ultracapacitor. Therefore, KAPower does not have a CCA rating. CCA is defined as the current that a new fully charged battery at 0 F (-18 C) can deliver for 30 seconds, maintaining voltage at 1.2 V per cell or higher. Totaling 7.2 V for a nominal 12 V battery. Since KAPower is not a battery, the CCA rating does not apply. However, KAPower can be rated in Pulse Cranking Amps. Pulse Cranking Amps (PCA) is measured at the rated voltage for a defined amount of time. Engine starting is considered to be a pulse power application because it requires a high rate of discharge for a short duration of time. |
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Kold Ban Internationals commercial products are KAPower modules. KBI may at its discretion supply individual capacitor cells for testing. In such cases, the customer is responsible for mechanical tightening to provide compression on the cells and voltage leveling in the cells before series connection. |
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The risk of cell unbalance is eliminated in KAPower's design. The elimination of cell unbalance relates to the fact that there is an effect of voltage balancing in KAPower, determined by the increase of leakage currents in the capacitor cells along with the growth of their voltage. As a result, KAPower will self-balance. |
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Yes, such systems may be assembled and are in service. Similar to batteries KAPower maybe connected in series to obtain the desired voltage. High-voltage systems are assembled using several KAPower super-capacitor modules connected in series to provide for the voltage required. |
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In order to evaluate the service and cycle life, KAPower has been subjected to accelerated cycling tests at elevated temperatures and in floating mode. The assumed service life of KAPower at room temperature shall be 25 years or the cycle life ~1.5 million cycles. During 3 years of the continuous tests at the temperature of 15-35 C, over 1 million charge/discharge cycles were performed without any substantial deterioration of KAPower's performance. Delco Remy (North American manufacturer of starters and alternators for heavy-duty trucks) tested KAPower modules for their engine starting performance. The modules successfully completed 157,000 consecutive starts of a heavy-duty truck engine without deterioration of KAPower's performance. At the December 2000 SAE conference, Delco Remy and Freightliner (North American manufacturer of heavy-duty trucks) presented a joint paper containing KAPower test results. This Paper 2000-01-3495: Electrochemical Capacitors for Truck Applications can be obtained from www.sae.org. Since 1998 KAPower has been installed in several types of trucks in the United States (with major commercial truck fleets) and used to insure successful engine starting under all weather conditions. |
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